注意！50种园林常见有毒植物

植物广泛分布在自然界，是自然不可缺少的一部分，提供给人类食物，同时是重要的工业原料。它们与人们的生活息息相关。但是植物自身的化学成分复杂，其中有很多是有毒的物质，不慎接触到，可能会引起很多疾病甚至死亡。在小说中也经常能看到植物的身影。其中有很多是大家非常熟悉的，此前可能也没有了解到它们的毒性。

中毒的途径

①.因食用或药用而中毒：众所周知的人参、银杏及杏仁等，原本是补品或药膳材料，但是如果一次吃太多，就可能中毒。另外，以毛地黄、乌头、雷公藤等入药，要是使用过量，也会有中毒的危险。 

②.因误食而中毒：误食室内观叶植物或大戟类植物的乳汁，是常有的事；或将红花八角的果实当作食用八角烹调菜肴都会造成中毒现象。 

③.因间接食用而中毒：蜜蜂如果吸食杜鹃花或雷公藤等有毒植物的花蜜后，我们再去吃这些花蜜所酿成的蜂蜜，就可能中毒；用夹竹桃树枝当筷子吃饭，或以有毒植物的枝叶当柴火烤东西吃，都可能间接中毒。 

④.因吸入而中毒：某些植物（如泽兰类植物）的花粉常造成人畜呼吸道的不适（打喷嚏、流鼻涕等），前一段时间经常见到报道的美洲一枝黄花，也属于此类。严重时，甚至会死亡。另外，大麻、吗啡、鸦片、曼陀罗等植物的茎叶或加工品，在点燃而吸食其气体后，也会引发中毒症状。 

⑤.因接触而中毒 ：荨麻科、大乾科、漆树科、天南星科、菊科等家族的许多成员，其汁液或焮毛等碰触到人畜的皮肤，往往会造成红肿、发痒甚至溃烂等现象。

1.名字：红花石蒜(彼岸花，忽地笑，蟑螂花、龙爪花) 学名：Lycoris radiata   科目：石蒜科

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鳞茎可制酒精,可提取石蒜碱,也可做药。其毒性为全株有毒,鳞茎毒性较大。食后有流涎、呕吐、下泻、舌硬直、惊厥、四肢发冷、休克,以至呼吸麻痹而死。

2.名字：海芒果（别名: 牛心荔、黄金茄 ）学名: Cerbera manghas  科: 夹竹桃科

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生长在印度西南部地区,含有一种被称作“海芒果毒素”的剧毒物质,其分子结构与异羟洋地黄毒苷(一种强心剂)非常相似。海芒果毒素会阻断钙离子在心肌中的传输通道,一般在食用后的3~6小时内便会毒性发作,致人死亡。

3.名字：羊角拗（别名: 羊角扭、断肠草、打破碗花）学名: Semen Strophanthi Divaricati   科: 夹竹桃科

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原产非洲热带。我国云南、广东有栽培。含毒苷类植物中毒 目前因毒苷引起中毒的有三类:强心苷类、氰苷类、皂苷类。全株植物剧毒，尤其以种子毒性最强，误食能致死。

4.名字：曼陀罗（醉心花、狗核桃、洋金花 ） 学名：Dature Stramonium  科目：茄科

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原产热带及亚热带,我国各省均有分布。喜温暖向阳及排水良好的砂质壤土。 

全草有毒,以果实特别是种子毒性最大,嫩叶次之。干叶的毒性比鲜叶小。有毒成分:主要含东莨菪碱、莨菪碱,其次有阿托品、阿朴阿托品、降阿托品、曼陀罗素. 在临床上可被用作催吐剂、催泻剂、麻醉剂和致幻剂。

5.名字：大茶药（胡蔓藤、钩吻、山砒霜、烂肠草，断肠草） 学名Gelsemium elegans Benth 科目：马钱科葫蔓藤属

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全草有剧毒，误吃很少也能致命。尤其根、叶毒性最大。这种学名“钩吻”的断肠草是剧毒草药,在中医学里只限外用,不可内服,千万小心。

6.名字：蓖麻 学名：Ricinus communis(Castor bcan) 科目：大戟科

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 蓖麻毒素毒性作用机理 ：抑制蛋白质合成:蓖麻毒素具有强烈的细胞毒性,属于蛋白合成抑制剂或核糖体失活剂 。 蓖麻毒素是从蓖麻子中提取的一种有毒蛋白质。人接触后会出现呕吐、恶心和腹泻等症状,可能死亡。 

7.名字：颠茄（莨菪,巴巴多斯百合 ） 学名：Ricinus communis(Castor bcan) 科目：茄科

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原产欧洲地中海地区和小亚细亚。颠茄为多年生草本,高1～2米。根粗壮,圆柱形。茎下部带紫色,上部叉状分枝, 嫩技被腺毛,老时毛逐渐脱落。叶...亦称"颠茄".茛菪种名为Atropa belladonna,俗称Deadly Nightshade .开红花, 结黑浆果的茛菪是毒性药物颠茄碱的来源。 

 植物上下全有剧毒,但在医药上有很大的作用,主要制作阿托品来刺激中枢神经。花为暗蓝紫色,浆果是黑紫色。该毒性可经由食物链传导 症状:瞳孔放大,心率加速,皮肤发热,干燥。

8.名字：伞花马钱 学名：Strychnos umbellata  科目：马钱科马钱属

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伞花马钱产于广东、海南等地。有大毒,根可治风寒湿痹。生于灌丛中。 

毒性：含吲哚生物碱剧毒，过量服用，可导致面部僵硬，全身肌肉痉挛，呼吸困难，面色青紫，牙关咬紧，瞳孔扩散等症状，继而昏迷，呼吸停止，死亡。

9.名字：夹竹桃学名：Nerium indicum Mill.   科：夹竹桃科

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夹竹桃为含甙类的植物 .茎、叶乃至花朵都有毒。它分泌的乳白色汁液含有一种夹竹桃甙,误食会中毒。 

解毒：

1).食后6小时内催吐，洗胃，内服蛋清.维生素C

2).中晚期可导泻，利尿，用高渗葡萄糖静注，口服氯化钾。

3).对症治疗及支持疗法。

10 .名字：海芋(又名：野芋、天芋、天荷、羞天草、隔河仙 观音芋、广  东狼毒）学名：Alocasia macrorrhi 科属: 天南星科

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slJb1GOJ4AuCXVOyy2zxGZkCzWicVj6Df1RicjafSlDoP6ZFUngVDFFwOQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/09242115L-28.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="600" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="861.447562776957" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-30-360709-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

海芋全株有毒,茎的毒性最大，含草酸钙。氢氰酸及一种生物碱。误食引致舌头麻木肿大及中枢神经中毒，流涎，胃灼痛，恶心，呕吐，腹泻，出汗惊厥.皮肤接触其汁液,即会发生瘙痒或强烈的刺激;眼睛接触会引起严重的结膜炎,甚至失明。

11 .名字：圣诞花（又名：一品红,猩猩木，象牙红） 学名：Euphorbia pulcherrima科属: 大戟科

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slN29tkYO1ey1evOcpQ7avu2rn9u5JshEvt05CVdibiaiaMVXuiciaSjaAyUQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924215491-30.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="750" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="448.67060561299854" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360710-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

一种毒性很强的花卉,全身都是毒,误食其茎叶可能导致死亡.特别是茎叶里的白色汁液能引起人体皮肤红肿,产生过敏反应。

12. 名字：水仙花 学名：Narcissus tazeta vai chimensis   科属: 石蒜科

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水仙的花、枝、叶都有毒. (喜欢种水仙花的朋友要记住不要让小孩误食!）

该物种其毒性为全草有毒，鳞茎毒性较大。误食后有呕吐、腹痛、脉搏频微、出冷汗、下痢、呼吸不规律、体温上升、昏睡、虚脱等，严重者发生痉挛、麻痹而死。

13 .名字:黄蝉 学名：allamanda neriifolia   科属: 夹竹桃科

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slKscaaP0ORp3eJib1wmUV558E2YPTL1IfmibLmNcmLVU32bMrib3kNWPvg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924213057-34.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="731" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="452.4209748892171" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360712-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

原产地 南美洲,巴西 有毒部位;中毒症状 全株都有毒,乳汁毒性最强。误食会有高烧、泻痢、呕吐、嘴唇红肿等症状;皮肤触及汁液会出红疹。 

14.名字:虎刺梅(又名:铁梅棠)学名: euphorbia milii   科属: 大戢科

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7sljhcX6Dicqe0LFpd2sUIOItW2spBEOWfwsEbdnYumazhUQMel8vcHibWw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/092421M21-36.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="700" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="417.725258493353" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360715-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

虎刺梅,是有名观赏植物。有毒成分为甙类,分布在根、茎、叶及汁液中,本品毒性较小,又浑身布满刺,被误食而中毒的可能性较小。

15.名字：万年青学名 Rohdea japonica (Thunb．) Roth  科目：天南星科

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slQ6qTkskwy2zt0AEU6rlicO1Cic51nR2zU1MnZ87B9Hzb2yia8JWicPpI6g/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924211H5-38.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="600" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="354.50516986706054" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360718-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

有毒植物,其毒性为全株有毒,茎毒性最大,其次是叶. 其枝叶中的液体内含有毒生物碱，触及人的皮肤会引起奇痒、皮炎。误食会引起口腔、咽喉、食道、胃肠肿痛，甚至伤害声带，使人变哑。因而民间称万年青为“哑棒”，并有“花好看、毒难捱”的俗谚。

16.名字:乌头(又名：五毒棍、川乌、刀附、天雄)学名: aconitum chinense 科属: 毛莨科

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slaej535so8fqavQWMI3DoPQWRYQ17zEgsLicgho7NfEl8FHgHTRibhzEg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924215547-40.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="598" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="353.3234859675037" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360721-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

症状：可通过皮肤吸收，灼热，刺痛，麻木，恶心，呕吐，呼吸瘫痪，血压降低，体温急剧下降（中毒者的血液会像冰一样寒冷），剧烈疼痛，呼吸急促，心脏麻痹，死亡，但中毒者始终保持清醒

发作时间：立刻，但死亡则在10分钟-数小时

解毒：没有特别有效方法，洗胃，吸氧，刺激心脏，但效果不大

17 .名字：羊踯躅(又名:黄杜鹃,闹羊花,羊不食草)学名：rhododendron molle 科属: 杜鹃花科

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7sleIfXrL7dAtRfcdwbyOZ7iaoPaqGdnDtibRpib08Ziacj4icpSwEJOSv5n0g/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924213H0-42.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="700" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="462.1861152141802" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360722-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

花、茎、叶和根粉是昆虫的触杀毒和胃毒物，南方各省农村有作农药使用。 

其毒性为全株有毒，花和果毒性最大。本植物的毒性历代本草均有记载，历史流传的所谓“蒙汗药”组成之一就是这种植物的花，相传该花浓汁与酒同服，能使人麻醉、丧失知觉。

18.名字：披针叶茴香（又名：红毒茴，莽草）学名：Illicium lanceolatum A.C.Smith   科属: 木兰科

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slEqkrGfRgbwYQibl0w1qH5xQjJAnrcibIhHwp5bSf74tGJKODFzdJODgA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924216005-44.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="700" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="370.16248153618903" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360723-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slz2RBU46LhibM0WibAYtw7tj8iaWG4kdQjmGR5wQ6xXeTfrmLcnibAACXdg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924214a9-46.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="634" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="302.4844903988183" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360724-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

根有毒，入药有驱风散结、活血祛淤和杀虫的功能；叶和果实均含芳香油；种子剧毒，切勿误作调料品“八角”代用品，分布于长江下游以南各省。由于八角科果实的形态相似,有的具有毒性,常混作调料品八角茴香用而致中毒已多见报道。

19.名字：猪屎豆（又名：野花生、猪屎青、大马铃）学名：Crotalaria mucronata Desv. 科属：豆科猪屎豆属

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slnDqXn8fyfqoUj3ialmXiaCTekoQJCvJPAx9ib4Qkwx01eQBHpeKbS5ibWQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/09242163T-48.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="700" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="430.13293943870013" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360725-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slPQ9FbnMtKyDOdCS5icXUnwYOflM6Lw1tibqndB3hJ0Zp5icJPB92Q470g/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924212236-50.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="700" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="422.8951255539143" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360726-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

说明: 从猪屎豆中能分离出25种以上的生物碱，均为双稠吡咯啶的衍生物，含有有毒成分野百合碱、吡咯烷、双稠吡咯啶生物碱等。有毒成分含量，种子为0.4%-1．69%，茎叶、荚为0．2%，进入机体后引起肝损害，导致中枢神经系统兴奋、脑充血、黄疸、腹水、淋巴结肿大和坏死。

20.名字：银杏（又名：白果、公孙树、鸭掌树）学名：GINKGO BILOBA L.  科属：银杏科银杏属

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slrYhmHUVGsxEXsJALyJZicaKLhldX85klVibRvdGxCnGmcMg91qCuF9bg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924212430-52.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="700" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="418.75923190546524" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360727-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7sl47ibXJaF7IK7licMsqDD4riaoVBwakMXOVzKXISicp1gDmibLNaxnoAfgYg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/09242132A-54.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="700" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="369.1285081240768" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360728-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

有毒部分：果实仁，以绿色的胚为最毒。

说明：种仁含有氰苷，肉质外种皮含有毒成分白果酸，氢化白果酸等。人体吸收后能与细胞色素氧化酶结合，使细胞不能摄取氧气，造成细胞窒息而中毒。一般中毒剂量为10-50颗，不宜多吃更不宜生吃白果。本病多见于儿童.（切勿与鳗共食）

21、名字：商陆（又名：山萝卜、水萝卜、当陆，见肿消，夜呼）　学名：PHYTOLACCA AMERICANA L.  科属：商陆科商陆属

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slbRMzv3RwrkcWHUOHVnywtz3MzvQhELdAw6eTfzYrr1l0oA7aWCQibyg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/09242120K-56.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="420" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="601.152141802068" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360729-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

成分：根中含有商陆毒苷等有毒成分，果实含有生物碱和葡萄糖等。

说明：全株有毒，根部和果实最毒。人畜若误食，约两小时后就可能出现严重呕吐或者干呕，从嘴到胃均有灼热感，伴随腹部抽筋，腹泻和视觉模糊，昏昏欲睡，出汗等症状。大量误食时，甚至会引起痉挛和呼吸障碍。

22.名字：紫茉莉（胭脂花）学名：mirabilis jalapa l.  科属：紫茉莉科紫茉莉属

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7sluFSkHSqiaoUUMrPKVD9W8WDiaBvLBZib4cHvFRVCMAVxu9Licic3mjraWvg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924212120-58.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="750" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="446.4549483013294" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360730-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

毒性：根和种子有毒。

根似“天麻”，误食中毒，出现口舌麻木，头晕，耳鸣，疼痛，触觉迟钝，听力减退等症状。

23. 名字：变叶木学名：codiaeum variiegatum L.BI  科属：大戟科变叶木属

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slykbGWUJEKQxHIfFHrUVkKCibDtLBMqpOcGBbxiaEBVvhiaUiabsGyCLmxQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/092421DZ-60.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="737" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="443.0709010339734" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360731-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

毒性：乳汁有毒，人畜误食叶后或其汁，有腹痛腹泻等中毒症状，乳汁中含有激活EB病毒的物质，长时间接触有诱发鼻咽癌的可能。

24. 名字：郁金香学名：tulipa gesneriana L,  科属：百合科郁金香属

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slK3MjGvuO3VZlkX9ibzKNA70T1QZr7q4TEvMbOczSapgqpgBic4pS2U9Q/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924211R6-62.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="714" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="450.33677991137375" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360732-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

毒性：花中含有毒碱，人在花丛中呆2个小时以上会出现头昏脑胀等中毒症状，接触时间越长，中毒越深，严重者会毛发脱落。

25 .名字：萱草（ 别名：黄花菜，金针菜，鹿葱）学名：hemerocallis fulva  科属：百合科萱草属

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slzicWrCiaPBekkbianaEIwNMnBEJficFWyRUX4SlS7eP1ZBGOHp5nEbfldw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924215924-64.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="698" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="419.62481536189074" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360733-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

食用部位：嫩叶，花蕾可食，叶和根入药.

食用方法：鲜萱草花蕾有毒，含秋水仙碱，天门冬素等，食用前必须在100*C开水浸烫去毒。

新鲜黄花菜的花粉里含有一种化学成分叫秋水仙碱，秋水仙碱本身无毒，但吃下去后，在体内会氧化成毒性很大的类秋水仙碱。这种物质能强烈地刺激消化道，成年人如果一次食入0.1～0.2毫克的秋水仙碱(相当于鲜黄花菜1～2两)，就会发生急性中毒，出现咽干、口渴、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等症状，严重者还会出现血便、血尿或尿闭等。如果一次食入20毫克的秋水仙碱可致人死亡。 

26. 名字：木薯(又名：树番薯）学名：manihot esculenta crantz  科属： 大戟科木薯属

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7sl28rMZEQVhQRYgqeWUoSvCakcn0icejuiaicyHkNGYXTgf50yNDWV980SA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924213004-66.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="725" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="459.41654357459385" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360737-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

毒性：全株有毒，新鲜块根毒性大， 氰苷亚麻苦苷水解后释放出剧毒物质氢氰酸，与细胞色素及细胞色素氧化酶结合，可导致呼吸麻痹，恶心，呕吐，腹泻，头晕，重者可导致呼吸困难，心跳加速，瞳孔散大，抽搐，休克，最后因呼吸衰竭而死亡.

食用前的去毒方法：

1).剥除内皮，用水淹浸，一定要煮熟后，高温蒸熟后才可以把毒素解掉.

2).煮木薯时候，要注意将锅盖打开，使锅中的氢氰酸充分蒸发掉并散去.

3).煮木薯的汤和泡木薯的水中含有大量的氢氰酸，切不可饮用.

PS: 客家地区如梅州，农村小孩子有喜欢吃木薯作为杂粮的习惯，屡闻听到小孩误食生木薯或者不熟透木薯而身亡的消息，特别需要重视防毒知识普及.

27. 名字：见血封喉（又名：箭毒木）-----毒得没心没肺的宝贝学名：Antiaris toxicaria   科属：桑科见血封喉属

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slnGibCG20x9ianwbmmbnKNd4K7houMq8aR3Ql7haIEQR96BObd3iaOe5Qg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924211205-68.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="750" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="448.67060561299854" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360742-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

毒性：乳汁剧毒.若误入眼中,会引起双目失明;由伤口进入人体内会引起中毒,使心脏麻痹,血管封闭,血液凝固,在20-30分钟内死亡,所以得名"见血封喉"。

28.长春花

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slypHRW3VwWpePBNibkqQkxb1v8JFGqCH6MxxjsIYuUCT4jV88voR3kog/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/09242135V-70.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="420.3722304283604" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360744-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为夹竹桃科植物长春花Catharanthus roseus（L.）G. Don[Vinca rosea L.]的全草。
分 布：山东、江苏、福建、广东、广西、海南、云南及四川等地。
有毒部位：全株；有中等毒性
注意事项：长春花用于癌肿，多用其提取物静脉注射。本品注射剂局部刺激可引起栓塞性静脉炎，注射时切勿使药液漏出血管外，以免发生局部组织坏死。

29.广州相思子

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slVibVw14ojibWvoP5dekeXTVDFLoBrhp8CZwBLWdde2JicPOsZcib07YqOw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924213557-72.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="460" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="582.983751846381" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360745-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为豆科植物广州相思子Abrus cantoniensis Hance.。以根、茎、叶入药。
分 布：广州、东莞、深圳以及粤中、粤东各地。
有毒部位：种子、叶、根；有剧毒。
注意事项：种子有剧毒，不可服用。相思子中毒表现为体温先升高后降低，尿蛋白，时有抽搐。

事项：长春花用于癌肿，多用其提取物静脉注射。本品注射剂局部刺激可引起栓塞性静脉炎，注射时切勿使药液漏出血管外，以免发生局部组织坏死。

30.鸦胆子

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slkI21a1dGGjktTtp6Thh3Td2bCa5xWnfSwKTWyytnZbBEZP6vo7lWZQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924211315-74.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="419.46233382570165" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360746-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为苦木科植物鸦胆子Brucea javanica（L.）Merr.。以干燥成熟果实入药。
分 布 ：福建、台湾、广东、海南、广西、贵州、云南等地。
有毒部位：果实；有中等毒性。
注意事项：对胃肠道有刺激作用，可引起恶心，呕吐，腹痛，对肝肾亦有损害，故不宜多服久服。脾胃虚弱呕吐者禁服。

31.两面针

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slA9F4NESMClfPa328GvFh8PD9Mc6faRa232mhfhsCMfnUSRtWRia59ww/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/092421NV-76.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="573.0731707317074" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="423.9024390243903" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="534px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360747-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为芸香科植物两面针Zanthoxylum nitidum （Roxb.）DC.。根茎亦作药用。
分 布：湖南、福建、云南、广东、广西等地。
有毒部位：根茎；有小毒。
注意事项：不能过量服用。忌与酸味食物同服。中毒后常引起腹痛、下痢。解救方法：导泻、服糖水或注射葡萄糖液

32.大飞扬草

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slCiapHrUYCK0HemqAz77cE1Mm2HNhctKFlG0nxVcZKDcXZ1DEIIxTnNA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/092421G21-78.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="460" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="583.6632200886262" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360748-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为大戟科植物飞扬草Euphorbia hirta L.。以带根全草、根茎入药。
分 布：广东、广西、福建等地。
有毒部位：全草；有小毒。
注意事项：全株均具有毒性，幼儿或家畜误食其茎叶，会造成腹痛或腹泻症状。

33.使君子

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slHAQe3pUiaaIchgfeQThND4PUHhPnaibWBuia7vcw1UXia660A61EI7SumQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924213503-80.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="460" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="584.3426883308714" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360749-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为使君子科植物使君子Quisqualis indica L.。以干燥成熟果实入药。
分 布：四川、广东、广西。此外，福建、江西、云南、贵州等地亦产。
有毒部位：果实；有小毒。
注意事项：大量服用能引起呃逆、眩晕、精神不振、恶心，甚至呕吐、腹泻等反应。与茶同服亦能引起呃逆。

34.马缨丹

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slePh2OoOJuVyEFJsYr4PDFsBuSXv4yvBFBCpsQcvcKrBpIsKBmkF9pQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924212A5-82.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="466" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="585.7695716395864" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360750-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为马鞭草科植物马缨丹Lantana camara Linn .。根与茎叶亦作药用。
分 布：广东、海南、福建、台湾、广西等有栽培。
有毒部位：枝叶及未熟果有毒；有小毒。
注意事项：人畜误食，造成慢性肝中毒，有发烧、衰弱、呕吐、腹泻、步履不稳、呼吸急促、昏迷、黄疸等症状。

35.尖山橙

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slArricmVUVonfrgCsI59jNax1rsvwN19YxdzDVM0XuBzicHbVbGwM5KKQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924216010-84.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="416.73264401772525" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-31-360752-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为夹竹桃科植物尖山橙Melodinus fusiformis Champ.。以枝叶入药。
◎分 布：广东、海南、广西和贵州等地。
◎有毒部位：果实；有小毒。
◎注意事项：果实有毒，误食可导致呕吐。

36.凤仙花

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7sljAzqPiax5DmRrt27KHeFdoB47635M9SG65cIiaymfzfdRiaR39LfKEGXg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/09242151D-86.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="416.73264401772525" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360753-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为凤仙花科植物凤仙花Impatiens balsamina L.。以种子入药。
◎分 布：中国南北各地均有栽培。
◎有毒部位：全草；有小毒。
◎注意事项：内无瘀积者及孕妇禁用。凤仙花含有促癌物质！促癌物质不直接挥发，但会渗入土壤，长期食用种植在该土壤里的蔬菜，很危险。

37.蓖麻

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slicoj2POiaFxuG6scoOFcibyug7IgnkFliaowib06jZJvtl3syB2T72pktYA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924214405-88.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="420.3722304283604" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360755-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为大戟科植物蓖麻Ricinus communis L.。常以种子作药用。
◎分 布：全国各地均产。
◎有毒部位：全株；有大毒。
◎注意事项：孕妇及便滑者禁服。本品内服外用均可能引起中毒，重者可危及生命。有报道外用蓖麻子还可致过敏性休克。

38.含羞草

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slOsYh2D9M0lSZf2suletfduQiczFlD3xz5sMmyTlmKyA9icRd0ULc87Ng/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924212216-90.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="420.3722304283604" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360757-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为豆科植物含羞草Mimosa pudica L.。以全草入药。
◎分 布：华东、华南、西南。
◎有毒部位：全株；有小毒。
◎注意事项：孕妇禁服，本品有麻醉作用，内服不宜过量。

39.文殊兰

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slMyZvIulUEaAeZhUfGkQyrsPSAPT3CgAnasiafPAtRLfJ40IFn6SEUkw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/09242143a-92.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="419.46233382570165" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360759-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为石蒜科文殊兰属植物文殊兰Crinum asiaticum L. var. sinicum Bak.。以叶和鳞茎入药。
分 布：福建、台湾、广东、广西、湖南、四川等地。
有毒部位：全株；有小毒。
注意事项：全株有毒，以鳞茎最毒，内服宜慎。中毒症状：腹部疼痛，先便秘，后剧烈下泻，脉搏增速，呼吸不整，体温上升。解救：早期可洗胃，服浓茶或鞣酸，应特别注意发生休克。

40.石岩枫

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slntCnUDED9SnNQcL3u4T7wIuA4PGtSCfQKw1brvADwKialIXCD3uk17g/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/092421O57-94.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="419.46233382570165" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360760-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为大戟科植物石岩枫Mallotus repandus (Willd.) Muell. Arg.。根茎或茎叶亦作药用。
分 布：广西、广东南部、海南和台湾。
有毒部位：全株；有小毒。
注意事项：该物种为中国植物图谱数据库收录的有毒植物，其毒性为全株有毒。

41.颠茄草

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slAU5bYGtBbgu9AmAYAPxetHXMeIQZBWDPoP4LQlWriaibRZq5uAv1IV7g/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/092421Oa-96.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="420.3722304283604" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360761-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为茄科颠茄草Atropa belladonna L.。以叶、幼枝及根入药。
分 布：原产欧洲中部、醅和南部。我国南北药物种植声有引种栽培。
有毒部位：全草；有小毒。
注意事项：青光眼患者禁服。

42.犁头尖

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slrXnMl4n0tKzzhjSbDmmmoSanGGpW0THxQ5leYTiaG972icA5eic0tYnSg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/09242111S-98.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="414.91285081240767" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360762-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为天南星科犁头尖属植物犁头尖Typhonium divaricatum （L.）Decne.。以块茎或全草入药。
◎分 布：分布于西南及浙江、江西、福建、广东、海南、广西等地。
◎有毒部位：块茎和全草；有毒。
◎注意事项：本品有毒，一般外用，不作内服。孕妇禁服。误食会出现舌、喉麻辣，头晕，呕吐等中毒症状。

43.山芝麻

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7sldRib0u4BwSCXPgw3zaFck5az7ia0BwO79CLb4MCqu0ghUuZdcT5e9C1w/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/09242142G-100.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="460" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="582.3042836041358" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360763-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为梧桐科山芝麻属植物山芝麻Helictercs angustifolia L.。以根或全株入药。
◎分 布：江西、福建、广东、广西及西南等地。
◎有毒部位：全株；有小毒。
◎注意事项：本品有小毒，内服量不宜过大。中毒时可见恶心，腹泻，头晕等反应。

44.黑面神

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slcoLaDl7Gmr0ric2kzoMFFwiaXPmsskXqJBic11ibQuZzwRGzB60uXqs5LA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924214L9-102.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="460" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="584.3426883308714" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360765-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为大戟科植物黑面神Breynia fruticosa (L．) Hook． F.。以枝叶作药用。
◎分 布：马来西亚至中国南部.
◎有毒部位：枝叶；有毒。
◎注意事项：引起中毒性肝炎，表现为头晕、头痛、上腹不适、频繁呕吐、胃纳减退、黄疽、甚至深度昏迷，肝肿大、压痛，肝功能检查明显损伤。

45.黄独

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7sl92bxjdLbVC6uibRxrtRQJGUDfMOyg2ncWYHgKPPBicx8kJn8j4649cWw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924212564-104.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="419.46233382570165" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360767-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为薯蓣科植物黄独Dioscorea bulbifera L.。以块茎入药。
◎分布：安徽、江苏、浙江、福建、广东、广西、湖南等地。
◎有毒部位：块茎和零余子，含有毒成分；有小毒。 
◎注意事项：内服剂量不宜过大。服过量可引起口、舌、喉等处烧灼痛、流涎、恶心、呕吐、腹泻、腹痛、瞳孔缩小，严重的出现昏迷，呼吸困难和心脏麻痹而死亡。

46.苏铁

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slG0KeGjQiacq11Pia13UVV8hkzJkibRS7spTsauXZ7qZfJbQVWdMJwXfqw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924214P1-106.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="420.3722304283604" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360769-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为苏铁科植物苏铁Cycas revolute Thunb.。以根入药。
◎分 布：福建、台湾、广东,江西各省均有.
◎有毒部位：种子、茎顶部树心；有小毒。
◎注意事项：种子及茎顶部的树心有毒。中毒症状为头晕，呕吐。

47.了哥王

cription-url="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/AT009zOQCCNIuicabrLicVX0iaQo6aOx7slLgZc3hQXPKxaYpe3I0gj0qEss6RW5pHIQkCASnI23xzJMJoPhzxjaQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-croporisrc="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="/uploads/allimg/2001/0924211M6-108.jpg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="616" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="418.55243722304283" data-ratio="0.66796875" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="auto" _width="574px" src="https://www.nongcun5.com/skin/default/image/lazy.gif" class="lazy" original="//img.nongcun5.com/baike/202205/05/21-36-32-360773-1.jpg" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 100%;"/>

本品为瑞香科植物了哥王Wikstroemia indica （L.）C. A. Mey.。以干燥根或根皮作药用。
◎分 布：浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖南、广西、广东等省区。
◎有毒部位：全株；有大毒。
◎注意事项：孕妇忌服；粉碎或煎煮过程易引起皮肤过敏。中毒时出现剧烈呕吐、腹泻。解救方法为先洗胃，后饮浓茶，服活性炭或鞣酸蛋白；大量饮盐水或静脉滴注5%葡萄糖盐水。

48.望江南

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本品为豆科植物望江南Cassia occidentalis L.。以茎叶、种子入药。
◎分 布：浙江、福建、台湾、广东、广西、云南等地。
◎有毒部位：种子、茎叶；有小毒。
◎注意事项：体虚患者慎服。

49.苦楝

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本品为楝科植物楝Melia azedarach L.和川楝Melia toosendan Sieb.et Zucc.的全株。以根皮及树皮入药。
◎分 布：主产于四川、胡北、安徽、江苏、河南、贵州，山东、陕西、云南、甘肃亦产。
◎有毒部位：全株；有大毒。
◎注意事项：苦楝皮有一定的毒副反应．服药中毒后可有头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐、腹痛等症状。严重中毒，可出现内脏出血、中毒性肝炎、精神失常、呼吸中枢麻痹，甚至休克、昏迷死亡。

50.野漆树

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